Air pollution has decreased in many parts of the world, but it is worsening in certain industrializing countries. Dec 16, 2012 outdoor air pollution has become a major concern for public health. Inadequate ventilation can increase indoor pollutant levels by not bringing in enough outdoor. Air pollution ppt and pdf for free download study mafia. Begin by giving a little of the history of outdoor air pollution. The resulting indoor air pollution iap is a major threat to health, particularly for women and young children, who may spend many hours close to the fire. Outdoor air quality in urban areas european environment agency. Burning of fossil fuels by motor vehicles including cars, buses and trucks and. Outdoor air pollution definition of outdoor air pollution.
The enormous burden of disease due to air pollution is increasingly. Concentrations of particulate matter varied, and for some schools were higher than what the world health organization recommends to protect health. Air pollution and health outdoor air pollution is a significant environmental determinant of health1. Outdoor air pollution and health in the developing countries of asia. The economic consequences of outdoor air pollution oecd. Groundlevel ozone, the main ingredient of urban smog. Air pollution is the name for the mixture of harmful particles and gases in the air around us that we breathe. Forest fires and deliberate biomass burning, although intermittent sources of air pollution, represent major sources of combustion pollution globally. Air pollution from energy production, transport, industry, agriculture and households is the number one environmental threat to health in europe and globally1. Air pollution is the largest single environmental risk to health, responsible for an estimated 7 million premature deaths every year globally and about 556 000 in the who european region fig.
Outdoor air pollution environmental health student portal. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night increasing the amount of co 2 in the atmosphere. Air plays a vital role not only in nature but also in the lives of human beings and all living organisms. Indoor air quality is influenced by concentrations of outdoor air pollutants, indoor sources of pollution, characteristics of the building and the habits of the residents. Review of interventions to improve outdoor air quality and. Outdoor air pollution and health in the developing.
On this page you will find useful information and faqs about asthma and indooroutdoor air pollution from federal, state, and private resources. In 1970, congress passed the clean air act that established national air pollutant standards for 6 criteria pollutants. Outdoor air pollution is a major threat to global public health that needs responsible participation of researchers at. Outdoor sources of air pollutants include vehicles, combustion of fossil fuels in stationary sources, such as power generating stations, and a variety of industries. Outdoor air pollution, including the particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons emitted during the burning of yard waste, garbage, and wood irritate the respiratory system. In some cases, indoor air pollutants may even be 100 times higher than outdoors.
While outdoor air pollution is partly caused by incipient industrialization, this represents a temporary tradeoff for the poor escaping hunger, infectious disease, and indoor air pollution to be better able to afford food, health care, and education. Furthermore, the reliance on solid fuels and inefficient stoves has other, farreaching consequences for health, the environment, and economic development. Outdoor air pollution and the lungs what are the main air pollutants. Outdoor air pollutants emory department of pediatrics. Roughly 6 times more than the food and drink consumed per day.
Jan 15, 2015 with the continual improvement in our quality of life, indoor air quality has become an important area of concern in the twentyfirst century. Jun 05, 2015 identify possible sources of indoor air pollution. An introduction to air pollution definitions, classifications, and history. What are some ways you could reduce indoor air pollution at home. Working together to reduce outdoor air pollution, risks. Indoor air pollution may arise from the use of open fires, unsafe fuels or combustion of. When we think of air pollution, most of us think of poor outdoor air quality. Air pollution from both outdoor and indoor sources represents the single largest environmental risk to health globally. Massdep is the primary responder for outdoor air pollution complaints involving large commercial, industrial, manufacturing and power plants. According to who global air pollution database, out of the 15 most polluted cities in the world, 14 belong to india.
The pollutants of most widespread concern in the context of air quality management are particulate matter pm and nitrogen dioxide no 2. The respiratory effects of air pollution depend on the type and mix of pollutants, the concentration in the air, the amount of time that you are exposed to the pollutant. Indoor air quality is affected by many factors including the type and running conditions of indoor pollution sources, ventilation conditions, as well as indoor activities. Indoor air pollution from solid fuels accounted for 3. Indoor air pollution indoor air quality indoor air quality is influenced by. Indoor air pollution can pose a serious health threat. Clean air, healthy children teachers guide and activities. Though there is a decrease in household air pollution from solid fuels in southeast asia, still. The relative importance of any single source depends on how much of a given pollutant it emits and how. Air quality law department of environmental protection. Air quality and outdoor activity guidance for schools pdf icon pdf 266 kb advice for travelers. Outdoor pollution smog is a type of largescale outdoor pollution. Sep 16, 2015 in accord with the global burden of disease for 2010 ref. Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances are introduced into earths atmosphere.
Other pollution sources include smoke from bushfires, windblown dust, and biogenic emissions from vegetation pollen and mould spores. The economic consequences of outdoor air pollution. Nov 09, 2017 the air quality flag program alerts school communities to local air quality forecasts so they can take actions to protect children, especially those with asthma. Who estimates that more than 6 million premature deaths were caused by air pollution exposure in 2012 who, 2014a. Asthma and outdoor air pollution, epa452f04002 author. Definition of outdoor air pollution outdoor air pollution. Learn how air quality can affect how much outdoor activity is safe for children. On this page you will find useful information and faqs about asthma and indoor outdoor air pollution from federal, state, and private resources. The common sources of outdoor air pollution are emissions caused by combustion processes from motor vehicles, solid fuel burning and industry. This concern is based on the fact that known carcinogens continue to be released into outdoor air from industrial sources, power plants, and motor vehicles, and on a body of epidemiologic research that provides some evidence for an association between outdoor air pollution and lung cancer. Ozone, air quality, and asthma kidshealth from nemours information about air pollutants such as ground level ozone, and their health effects, including asthma. The majority of the classrooms had co 2 values above the recommended. The cost of air pollution consequences on the economy p. This paper examines the effect of outdoor air pollution on child health in india.
Environmental protection agency, office of air and radiation. However, did you know that indoor air is on average two to five times more polluted than outdoor air. Air pollution in dhaka particulate matter pm and especially pm2. Lung factsheets outdoor air pollution and the lungs the average adult breathes over 15 cubic metres of air every day. Working together to reduce outdoor air pollution, risks and inequalities, file type. It also includes steps to take to protect health and reduce exposure. Air pollution is produced by both human activity and naturally occurring events. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night. It is caused by chemical reactions between pollutants derived from different sources, primarily automobile exhaust and industrial emissions. Industrial growth and rapid urbanization aggravate the problem, with the pressure felt most acutely in the megacities of the developing world.
Tackling ambient outdoor and household indoor air pollution is crucial to achieving the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. However, air pollution still impacts the health of wisconsin residents, particularly children. This definition implicitly acknowledges that some substances that are considered to be air pollutants are present naturally. Published by the arab school for science and technology asst. Furthermore, the reliance on solid fuels and inefficient stoves has other, farreaching consequences for. Ambient, or outdoor, air pollution is caused by a range of factors, including transport, agriculture and waste 1. Cities are often centers of these types of activities, and many suffer from the effects of smog, especially during the warm months of the year. Outdoor ambient air pollution presents a number of issues in the school environment, including exposure of children to diesel exhaust from older buses, potential. Sources of air pollution include gases such as ammonia, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxides, methane and chlorofluorocarbons, particulates both organic and inorganic, and biological molecules. Studies revealed that the outdoor environment is also an important factor that.
A fact sheet to increase awareness that air pollution can make asthma symptoms worse and can trigger attacks in people with asthma. Indoor air pollution is not usually as visible as outdoor pollution, but its health hazards can be every bit as. Contact your local board of health for dust, noise, odor, smoke, vehicle idling and air pollution complaints concerning activities at residences and at most local businesses. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and. It outlines the evolution of the scientific evidence on the health effects of air pollution and of its interpretation, supporting policy and other decisionmakers in setting outdoor and indoor air quality management strategies worldwide. Exposure can adversely affect health, particularly amongst vulnerable population groups. Brauer, michael, greg freedman, joseph frostad, aaron van donkelaar, randall v.
Major air pollutants and pollutant classes of interest, their physical state, and their sources. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and releases carbon dioxide, if this procedure does not take. Outdoor air pollution scope of the problem worldwide, outdoor air pollution contributes to. About 38% of the population in andhra pradesh relied on solid fuels for cooking in 201516. The world health organization who recognises air pollution as a leading risk factor for major chronic diseases in adults, including heart and lung disease as well as cancer. Assessment and control of indoor air pollution, pp. Although pollutants in the air are often invisible, they can have serious effects on our health, including the lungs, the heart and other organ systems, and the developing foetus. We all know about the effects of outdoor air pollution. Burning of fossil fuels by motor vehicles including cars, buses and trucks and power plants including. Exposure to air pollutants is continuous and, usually, involuntary. Research on the impact of outdoor air pollution on respiratory health.
Not only is it a health hazard for humans, animals and plants. This happens because the air circulation indoors is much lower than outdoors, which allows toxins from dust particles, vapors from cooking, painting or furniture dyes. Near busy roads, in urban areas especially during rush hour, and in industrial areas. Clean air council blog archive outdoor air pollution. The world health organization who categorizes air pollution into two forms. Air pollution is important because it has the potential to harm both our health and our environments. However the contribution of the built environment, in both the construction and operational phases, cannot be underestimated. Everyone is exposed to pollution when breathing the outdoor air. Open access brauer m et al exposure assessment for estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to outdoor air pollution. To obtain the loose leaf format version of the building air quality, complete with appendices, an index, and a full set of useful forms, and the, building air quality action plan the baq action plan is available in html and pdf. Outdoor air pollution air quality ministry of health.
Mar 24, 2017 air pollution ppt and pdf for free download. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage other living organisms such as. Causes of air pollution from the built environment world. The weight of an air contaminant in a cubic meter of air 3mgm and the volume ratio ppm v, or just ppm are normally used. A decade ago the world health organization who reduced its guideline limits to an annual average ambient. An air pollutant is any substance in air that could, in high enough concentrations, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. What the nhs can do to support our plan to improve outdoor air quality. Exposure to air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide no 2 and particulate matter pm 10 and pm 2. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution.
Certain groups of people, including children and adults with lung diseases such as asthma and chronic. Working together to reduce outdoor air pollution, risks and. Indoor pollution sources that release gases or particles into the air are the primary cause of indoor air quality problems in homes. Characteristics of exposure to outdoor air pollution. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollution, epa456. Environmental protection agency sets and enforces air quality standards only for ambient air. Links to information resources on outdoor air pollution and its possible effects on. Outdoor air pollution consists of a mixture of particles and gases that can affect the health of children and adults. If you need a more accessible version of this document please email. Epa studies indicate that the levels of many air pollutants may be two to five times higher in indoor air than outdoor air. In simplest terms, air pollution describes anything in the air that doesnt normally belong.
Mar 12, 2019 according to who global air pollution database, out of the 15 most polluted cities in the world, 14 belong to india. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants. Outdoor air pollution is a complex mixture of several pollutants. There are many pollutants in the air and the different items that make up air pollution. About 27,000 people died from hap in andhra pradesh in 2016 according to gbd 2016. With the continual improvement in our quality of life, indoor air quality has become an important area of concern in the twentyfirst century. Outdoor air pollution national library of medicine information about outdoor air pollution, and links to medline plus, agencies, and hazardous chemicals. Particle pollution levels can be high any time of year.
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